1.什么是Ant?
Ant起源是为了取代构建工具Make。它可以跨系统,建立在Java和XML的基础上,而且非常程式化。
Ant更像一个脚本工具,我们必须在Ant内显示地声明做任何事情。在<target>内声明,而且没有统一的标准,一个application可能会包含庞大的repository。
2. Maven
Maven不仅仅是一个脚本工具,它更是一个成熟的构建工具。它有很多隐式的功能,譬如一致性,继承,transitive dependencies,版本管理。
3.优点和缺点<待完善>
Maven:
Maven can be a black box.
steeper learning curve
convertion over configuration
Better IDE integration
Less overheard through use of repos
different mindset, steepest learning curve is not making maven act like Ant
Ant:
we can trace Ant files fairly easily
quicker to learn, but very copy-paste intensive
larger project size in SCM, artifacts stored with project
e.g. Ant build.xml
<project>
<target name="clean">
<delete dir="build"/>
</target>
<target name="compile">
<mkdir dir="build/classes"/>
<javac srcdir="src" destdir="build/classes"/>
</target>
<target name="jar">
<mkdir dir="build/jar"/>
<jar destfile="build/jar/HelloWorld.jar" basedir="build/classes">
<manifest>
<attribute name="Main-Class" value="oata.HelloWorld"/>
</manifest>
</jar>
</target>
<target name="run">
<java jar="build/jar/HelloWorld.jar" fork="true"/>
</target>
</project>
e.g. Maven pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.x.org/xx/xxy"
xsi:schemalocation="xx">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.dahang</groupId>
<artifactId>HelloWorld</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</project>
5.Summary:
Ant is very declarative.
Maven follows a convention over configuration model
Ant may be easier to learn, but it really is only beneficial as a scripting tool.
Maven is really centered around managing your entire project's lifecycle.